Friday, January 18, 2013

Angels and Demons by Peter Kreeft


Series: none
Publication Date: December 12, 1995
Source: Purchased

Summary:  A book of questions and answers about the nature of angels and demons. Categories include: Our Fascination with Angels, How We Know Anything about Angels, The Nature of Angels, and Demons.

Review:   Peter Kreeft asks and answers a large variety of questions (100 of them) about the importance, nature, and powers of angels, all with his characteristic humor and thoughtfulness.  Readers will come away both knowledgeable and cheered.

The book opens by addressing why its own existence matters at all.  Question 1 is: O.K., so I’m browsing through this book and wondering: why should I buy it?  What can you tell me about angels in one page?  And Kreeft gives twelve concise answers as to why angels matter at all and why they are fascinating.  Readers who were honestly wondering will find themselves with great answers.  Readers who have no doubt as to why they are reading/buying the book can skip this question, and this whole section, with ease and delve right into questions about the nature of angels.  The book is made to be browsed.

Kreeft’s cover a wide variety of topics.  Many are “obvious” questions, ones that need to be asked.  Others, such as Do angels have a special connection with the sea?, seem random, but they are all questions Kreeft has actually been asked, often by students in his college courses.  Although Kreeft is often funny, for example joking in answer to the question Are there ever angels in the outfield? that only Red Sox demons would influence baseball games, he still eventually takes every question seriously and offers great insight, based on Catholic teaching and his own reading.  He often quotes C. S. Lewis and Tolkien.

Angels and Demons is thus a complete, compelling work that offers concise answers to important questions.  Its quality is characteristic of all Kreeft’s work.
Friday, January 11, 2013

Looking for...Explorations of The Hobbit

The History of the Hobbit by John D. Rateliff

Rateliff chronicles Tolkien's process in writing his 1938 work The Hobbit by providing early manuscript versions and noting the changes made.  He also includes an account of the revision of the famous chapter "Riddles in the Dark" in 1949 to reflect the new information about the One Ring as given in The Lord of the Rings, and an account of Tolkien's attempt to rewrite The Hobbit in the 1960s so the that tone of the book would better match that of The Lord of the Rings.  Also of interest are drawings and unpublished maps by Tolkien.  The work comes in two parts: Mr. Baggins and Return to Bag-End.

Exploring J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit by Corey Olsen

Olsen offers a critical look at The Hobbit as a work in its own right and not only as a prequel to The Lord of Rings by going through the book chapter-by-chapter.  He pays particular attention to the poetry of the work.

The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkied ed. by Humphrey Carpenter and Christopher Tolkien

Tolkien describes his progress through Middle-earth in his own words, addressing such subjects as the meaning behind The Lord of the Rings, the significance of certain characters, and the surprising turns his writing took.  Readers will learn how Middle-earth took shape in Tolkien's mind through the years as well as the author's thoughts on extra-literary matters.

Friday, January 4, 2013

The Clown of God Told and Illustrated by Tomie dePaola


Goodreads: The Clown of God
Series: None
Published: 1978
Source: Library

Summary: As an old man, a former juggler finds his audiences have dissipated and his livelihood disappeared.  He thinks he has nothing to offer the Christ child for his birthday, but then remembers the one thing he still possesses—the talent to make others happy.

Review: DePaola takes an old French legend and makes it his own, setting it at the beginning of the Renaissance in Italy and meticulously researching that time period to depict accurate clothing and settings.  The result is a visually stunning work of art that takes readers on a journey through the past and captures their imaginations.  The tale, though simple, is a heartwarming one with a great lesson—perfect for young readers.

DePaola uses his words effectively, writing in short phrases and sentences that create a sort of leisurely feeling.  I wanted to pause after each bit, savoring the words and the story.  The simplicity of the writing almost makes it seem as if the titular character himself narrates his life.  The tone has a childlike quality especially evident in such statements as “But he was happy, and he could do something wonderful” or “It was a very good arrangement.”  The words have a sort of finality about them that would stem from a child confident that his story would be believed and understood.  What does it matter if Giovanni the juggler is poor and a beggar?  He says life is good, and so it must be.

Bringing the story further to life are dePaola’s striking illustrations.  Full of bold colors and simple lines, they provide enough detail to make it seem as if readers are looking at scenes of Renaissance Italy, but they also leave room for the imagination.  The characters stand out from their backgrounds, usually blank or bare, so that the action stays focused on Giovanni and his travels.  Later illustrations, however, give glimpses of the majesty of the Italian churches and suggest something of the great intellectual and artistic revolution about to take place.

The Clown of God is a touching story that reminds readers that each person has something special to offer the world.  Its message of love will surely being a smile to the faces of its readers.
Thursday, January 3, 2013

Happy Birthday to the Professor!

J. R. R. Tolkien was born on 3 January 1982 and, to celebrate his life and legacy, the Tolkien Society hosts a toast each year at 9 p.m. local time.  So, take your favorite drink (it does not have to be alcoholic--definitely not if you are underage or if it would jeopardize your health!) and toast to "the Professor"!


"Fantasy is escapist, and that is its glory.  If a soldier is imprisoned by the enemy, don't we consider it his duty to escape?...If we value the freedom of mind and soul, if we're partisans of liberty, than it's our plain duty to escape, and to take as many people with us as we can!"-J. R. R. Tolkien


Sunday, December 30, 2012

Engaging the Culture: Les Misérables


Note: This post contains spoilers!  Only read it if you know the story!

When Victor Hugo first wrote Les Misérables in 1862, he could not have known the ways his story would be told a century and a half in the future.  He probably never imagined  Javert singing as he cast himself into the Seine, nor foresaw his characters coming to life on a screen as large as a wall.  But he did know, right from the start, that his story would be timeless.  “So long as ignorance and misery remain on earth,” his preface reads, “books like this cannot be useless.”

The message of Les Misérables is far from useless today.  The throngs of people the world over who have seen the stage show since 1985, as well as the artists who have devoted their talents to retelling the story on stage and on screen are testament to that.  Now, as a brilliant new version of the tale is released in theatres, it is the perfect time for us to do more than weigh the quality of the actors or discuss the scenery.  We need to talk about why we have held on to this story for so long.  We have to identify its challenge to us, and decide whether or not we are willing to accept it.

Les Misérables is, on the surface, heartrending.  Fantine’s poverty and humiliation, the revolutionaries’ failure, and Éponine’s unrequited love all break a different piece of our hearts.  But, in the midst of all this tragedy, Hugo’s story manages to be filled with hope.  The reason for this is eloquently stated in the Finale of the musical: “And remember the truth that once was spoken: to love another person is to see the face of God.”

Les Misérables is a story of love confusing ignorance and creating moments of light and redemption in a world that is otherwise drowning in misery.  It is the story of broken people seeing the face of God when they least expect it, then carrying his blessings to others in turn.  The bishop has compassion for a stranger, giving Valjean the opportunity to live not just as a normal member of society, but as a man so moved by the mercy shown him that he becomes a blessing to every person he meets.  Valjean’s compassion for Fantine allows Fantine to be a blessing to him, because the daughter he agrees to raise for her becomes the most beautiful part of his life.  And Éponine, whose love for Marius is both the greatest joy and greatest pain of her existence, is willing to help him find Cosette and even dies to save him.  She never stops wanting him for herself, but in the absence of that possibility, she does what she can to make him happy.

Les Misérables is not full of happy endings.  Despite the bishop’s compassion, Valjean is hunted all his life.  Valjean cannot save Fantine.  And Éponine dies knowing Marius will easily forget her, with Cosette at his side in the days ahead.  But love does produce flashes of light in a dark world, and the sacrifices of many  come together to create one happy ending that should have been impossible: a prostitute’s illegitimate daughter and a young man of privileged birth who should have died twice in a student uprising live to marry and have happy lives together.  And, somehow, I feel that every character who contributed to that ending would have said it was worth it.

By the typical standards of the world, the love in Les Mis does not make sense.  Why should the bishop save Valjean from the police when all he knew about him was that he was a thief?  Why should Valjean devote half his life to raising a stranger’s child?  And why should Éponine help Marius find Cosette?  Furthermore, why should Valjean give up his freedom to save a man out of his mind, or set Javert free when he knows Javert will likely kill him when he gets the chance?

Maybe love doesn't make sense.  Neither does worshiping a God who died as a common criminal.  But Jesus’ sacrifice became the resurrection and our redemption, and our compassion and sacrifices borne in love contribute to the recreation of a broken world.  “Ignorance and misery” certainly existed in 19th century France, and they just as certainly exist in our world today.  The message of Les Mis is not to weep for the suffering, it is to live for them.  We are challenged to take the compassion we have already been given and to be love for each other.  "Will you join in our crusade?  Who will be strong and stand with me?” the chorus sings at the end of the musical.  I don’t think they’re talking about building barricades in the streets of Paris.
Saturday, December 29, 2012

Movie Review: Les Misérables


Date: 2012
Director: Tom Hooper

Summary: After serving nineteen years of a prison sentence, Jean Valjean gains his freedom, but the papers he carries identify him as a criminal and he cannot find enough work to survive.  Bitter and angry, he determines to live like the criminal people think he is, but a chance encounter transforms his life.  Now a man of God, Valjean adopts the orphan of a dying woman and raises her as his own.  A student revolution, however, brews in the streets of Paris and soon nothing will be the same.

Review: Tom Hooper’s Les Misérables gained a lot of early buzz because the actors sang live on camera, rather than prerecording their songs.  This technique provides to the film a realism sometimes lacking in screen musicals.  Awareness of lip-syncing does not detract from the story; the characters seem to live and breathe onscreen.  However, the actors still had to compete with all the singers who have portrayed the characters of Les Misérables throughout the years.  Colm Wilkinson, for example, has made the role of Jean Valjean his own—how would Hugh Jackman compare?  Although some of the performances were not as strong as they might have been, overall the cast provides an emotionally charged rendition of Les Misérables.

Anne Hathaway stands out from the rest of the cast with her stirring portrayal of Fantine, the woman forced to sell her body order to provide for her young daughter.  Her rendition of “I Dreamed a Dream” generated early talk of an Oscar nomination; rather than belt out the song, Hathaway chose to sing it with a broken voice, reflecting how emotionally and psychologically bruised her character feels.  Both this song and her death scene, in which Fantine hallucinates the presence of her daughter Cosette, brought tears to my eyes.  Hathaway has a gorgeous voice and it was a pure delight to listen to her sing.

My only complaint about Fantine lies with the costuming.  She initially dresses in pink, even though everyone else in her workplace wears more somber attire.  Presumably the costume designer wanted Fantine to look conspicuous so audiences could pick her out, but Fantine should thematically function as simply another face in the crowd.  She also had gorgeous hair, unlike every other woman in the room.  The effect made it seem as though Fantine must have more money than the rest of the workers, which is simply not true, as subsequent events will prove. 

The rest of the characters seemed to wear more appropriate costuming—most notably Éponine, who at one point dresses as a boy.  I have only seen concert versions of the musical, in which audiences must accept that wearing a long coat makes a girl indistinguishable from a male.  In the film, Éponine actually binds her breasts and hides her hair under her cap, presenting a much more realistic disguise.  I also really liked her dresses; though poor, Éponine knows how to accentuate with a nice belt.

Though Samantha Barks, being relatively unknown compared to the rest of the cast, received little attention before the release of the film, her portrayal of Éponine is my favorite.  She performed the role in the 25th anniversary concert and made it her own.  She brings to the character a charming wistfulness that makes her story all the more poignant.  It seems remarkable that one who has seen so much poverty and so much wrong could maintain the hopeful outlook she has on life.  She also retains a beautiful soul, sacrificing her own feelings for the man she loves.  Hooper’s version unfortunately changes this part, however—Éponine no longer delivers Marius’s letter to Cosette, but makes a different sacrifice, one that I would argue is infinitely less moving and even suggests a certain despair.  Regardless of what her character does, however, Samantha Barks shines.  I really hope that this film proves her big break and that audiences will see—and hear—a lot more of her in the future.

If the changes made to Éponine were not well-advised, those made to Marius certainly were.  Eddie Redmayne’s interpretation of the character brings him to life in a way I have never envisioned.  No longer merely a boy hopelessly mooning over a girl he bumped into on the street, Marius shows himself a dedicated revolutionary full of fire and prepared to make sacrifices so that he does not live off the work of others.  Perhaps for the first time, I really liked Marius.  His interactions with the rest of the students are especially nice.  They share a great camaraderie and I could really believe Aaron Tveit as a friend of the boys—not merely a manic revolutionary.

The rest of the cast did well, but I felt that their performances were not as strong as the others’.  Even though Hugh Jackman has received a Golden Globe nomination for best actor, I just do not like him as Jean Valjean when I compare him to singers like Colm Wilkinson and Alfie Boe.  Russell Crowe as Javert seems too emotionless to me.  Perhaps he meant to interpret the character in that way—it would be an appropriate reflection of Javert’s too strict devotion to duty—but I find it hard to believe a man could sustain a manhunt for something like eighteen or nineteen years without feeling some passion.  Amanda Seyfried as Cosette perhaps had a disadvantage from the start as her character has little development and functions mainly as a convenient love interest.  She does little to bring more personality to the role, however, and her voice in the beginning seems weak, though her performance improves by the end. 

To criticize the singing of Helena Bonham Carter and Sacha Baron Cohen as the Thénardiers may be unjust.  Baron Cohen sings well, so far as I know, but I do not feel that he brings anything special to the role.  Bonham Carter seems a little weak on the vocals at times, but whether she intends to sound that way remains unclear.  Mostly likely the two were not chosen for their singing, but to bring a certain comedic over-theatricality to their roles.  I suppose they were successful in that, but their outlandish costumes and the illogicality of their business operations distracted me from their performances most of the time.

My final criticism of the film deals not with performances, but with the background on which they were set.  Hooper provides some lovely and some realistic settings for his characters; my favorites are the bishop’s house and the convent, where audiences can see some beautiful Christian art.  However, the film is too self-aware of its own epic potential and when Hooper tries to zoom out to give a large-scale depiction of France, the CGI becomes unbelievable.  The story of suffering individuals is a large and epic story in itself; if the film had focused on that, instead of trying to impress viewers with its own magnitude, it would have been more successful.

Despite some weak performances, however, the film as a whole proves a strong version of a classic musical.  Memorable and stirring performance are given by many of the actors, and the screen brings France to life in a way that the stage cannot.  Beauty, suffering, passion, and pride combine to present a story that will always be relevant: a story about the transformative power of love.

Content Note: Les Misérables deals with a lot of heavy themes, including the toll poverty, imprisonment, and unjust laws have on people.  One character turns to prostitution to survive and the film includes some sexual activity.  Violence is also depicted, as part of the story is set during the Paris Uprising of 1832.
Friday, December 28, 2012

Bilbo's Last Song by J. R. R. Tolkien


Goodreads: Bilbo's Last Song
Series: None
Published: 1990 (in book form)
Source: Borrowed

Summary: Bilbo reflects on his final journey through Middle-earth.  Illustrated by Pauline Baynes.

Review: I love Tolkien's alliterative verse, but have always thought his other poetry needed a little work.  Bilbo's final song does not prove the exception.  Written in rhyming couplets, it strikes me as pretty, but also as a little repetitive and not very original.  The illustrations provided by Pauline Baynes (who also illustrated C. S. Lewis's Chronicles of Narnia) really give the book its re-readability.

The book includes two sets of illustrations: the large ones on the right-hand pages follow Bilbo's final journey to the Grey Havens while the small insets on the bottom follow Bilbo's adventures of The Hobbit.  The amount of detail is absolutely stunning.  Baynes brings the spirit of Middle-earth to life, suggesting the beauty of its landscapes, the homeyness of its Hobbit holes, and the nobility of its Elves.  Looking at the illustrations is like losing one's self in Middle-earth.

While the volume itself is small, the quality of the illustrations make the book well worth the cover price.  I love to open this work every now and then, as it allows me to relive, through pictures, both Bilbo's former adventures and his last.  Every journey through Middle-earth feels like a journey in which I come home--and Baynes' illustrations make that journey even more enchanting.